浅谈轮毂结构对车轮强度的影响

车轮是汽车的安全部件,不仅影响汽车的行驶性能,还影响汽车的行驶安全性,应具有足够的刚度和疲劳强度。车轮的强度不仅与轮胎气压、车辆重量、轮胎最大载荷、车辆速度、使用温度和腐蚀等使用环境有关,还受到与之连接零件轮毂的结构影响。文章对不同轮毂结构对车轮强度的影响进行分析和验证,通过优化轮毂结构可以提升车轮的安全率和使用寿命,给解决车轮开裂问题和车轮轻量化设计提供新的思路。     

基于JTP规范的大型油船疲劳强度研究

文章利用MSC.Patran软件建立船体有限元模型,结合JTP规范中疲劳强度的校核方法,应用热点应力法,针对热点部位进行有限元分析,并计算其疲劳累积损伤。计算结果显示,疲劳寿命满足设计要求。     

轿车用转向节试验方法

为了减少转向节作为安全件在客户使用过程中发生疲劳及冲击断裂的风险,文章对轿车用转向节设计验证方法进行研究,采用台架疲劳试验和台架冲击试验的方法对某轿车用转向节进行了验讧。通过试验,加强了样件薄弱处的设计并对不合格样件进行了整改。经批量市场考验,通过台架疲劳及冲击验证的转向节在客户使用过程中减少了断裂的风险,提高了产品的质量,具有非常高的使用价值。,     

腐蚀和裂纹损伤下海洋平台极限强度试验研究

根据墨西哥湾某一典型固定式海洋平台为原型,按照刚度相似性和几何相似性,分别设计并制作了完好模型、腐蚀模型、裂纹模型,并对三个试验模型开展极限强度试验研究,试验结果表明腐蚀、裂纹损伤严重影响试验模型极限承载力,且试验模型失效模式各不相同.同时,采用非线性有限元方法,分别对三个试验模型进行计算,将计算结果与试验结果对比分析,验证了该方法在固定式海洋平台极限强度计算方面的有效性.     

U71 Mn 50 kg·m-1普通碳素钢钢轨疲劳裂纹扩展速率试验研究

根据室内对U71Mn50kg·m-1普通碳素钢钢轨按三点弯曲标准进行的试验,测定该钢轨的疲劳裂纹扩展速率,即裂纹扩展深度a及其对应的循环次数N值。利用中值法求得裂纹扩展深度对循环次数的微分值。根据断裂理论求得相应的裂纹前沿应力强度因子幅度ΔK。根据Paris公式,对以上两值取自然对数进行线性回归分析,确定该公式中U71Mn50kg·m-1普通碳素钢钢轨疲劳裂纹扩展速率的两个材料常数C为3 8771×10-12,m为3 6343。     

数控编程中尖角过渡问题的探讨

简要讨论了采用直线过渡方式和圆弧过渡方式进行工件轮廓尖角过渡处理的基本原理和编程方法,深入分析了两种尖角过渡形式对工件转角处的加工质量、加工效率和刀具耐用度等的影响和在数控编程中的应用范围。     

40 Cr钢和50车轴钢超高周疲劳性能研究及疲劳断裂机理探讨

在对称拉压超声疲劳试验装置基础上,开发研制非对称拉压超声疲劳试验装置和三点弯曲超声疲劳试验装置。采用超声疲劳试验方法,结合扫描电镜断口微观分析,对40 Cr钢和50车轴钢光滑试样和缺口试样,在超高周疲劳范围内的疲劳性能和疲劳断裂机制进行研究,主要研究成果如下。对40 Cr     

Reliability-based calibration of fatigue design guidelines for ship structures

A simple reliability-based framework is applied to calibrate a new set of fatigue design guidelines. This new guideline considers two different approaches for the assessment of both loads, stresses and local stress raising effects, and partial safety factors must be given for any combination of these approaches. For the calibration, the lognormal reliability format is adopted because the hereby-derived partial safety factors can be combined arbitrarily. This means that with a few basic partial safety factors, the combination of partial safety factors to be applied together with any combination of calculation approaches can be determined easily. In the present paper both the adopted reliability format, the applied modeling of uncertainties and the selected target safety index are explained. Based on this, a new guideline is calibrated and the derived partial safety factors are presented. Finally, the new guideline is applied through a numerical example in order to show the applicability of the calibrated partial safety factors, and satisfactory results are found.     

T型管节点焊趾表面裂纹扩展行为的三维断裂力学分析

本文对海上平台T型管节点焊趾三维空间翘曲表面裂纹问题用6869自由度、半带宽1187的特大规模作了三维有限元分析，计算了沿裂纹前缘的KⅠ、KⅡ和KⅢ分布。在此基础上，对焊趾表面裂纹的疲劳扩展行为作了分析，绘制了裂纹扩展特性曲线，并根据特性曲线对扩展寿命进行了估算。预测结果与海上平台管节点委员会的试验结果相符。     

A probabilistic damage tolerance concept for welded joints Part 2: a supplement to the rule based S–N approach

The first part of this paper presented the required statistics and stochastic models for reliability analysis of the fatigue fracture of welded plate joints. This present Part 2 suggests a probabilistic damage tolerance supplement to the design S–N curves for welded joints. The goal is to provide the practising engineer with simple tools that predict the reliability against fatigue fracture during service life. The impact of the chosen fatigue design factors (FDF) and the uncertainty in the applied stresses is revealed. The effect of an in-service inspection programme is also predicted. The results are presented as dimensionless matrices and suggested for use in support of decision-making at the design stage, without any advanced fracture mechanics modelling and stochastic simulation. One important advantage of this format is that the probability levels are presented regardless of actual weld class and target service life (TSL). This is obtained by introducing the FDF as a key parameter to the results. This parameter is defined as the ratio of predicted fatigue life over TSL. FDF is always calculated in the S–N approach which is mandatory in fatigue life prediction. Various welded details (classes) will have the same reliability level for the same FDF. This is true at the end of TSL and at earlier stages, i.e. fractions of TSL. The absolute value of TSL is immaterial for a given FDF. In the case of in-service inspection, the inspection interval is also given without dimensions as a fraction of TSL.

Only the influence of future scheduled inspections is treated. Updating based on actual inspection results is not included as the scope of work is inspection planning at the design stage. Results for some frequent cases occurring in practice are readily derived and presented.